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    "kind": "note",
    "key": "trommelen-2023",
    "id": "TAP-RDN-0083",
    "locale": "en",
    "path": "/research/trommelen-2023/",
    "title": "TAP reading note: The anabolic response to protein ingestion during recovery from exercise has no upper limit in magnitude and duration in vivo in humans",
    "description": "After one resistance-exercise bout, 100 g of milk protein produced a larger and more prolonged protein-synthesis response than 25 g over the 12-hour observation. This challenges a fixed 20–30 g utilization ceiling under those conditions.",
    "rights": "© The Allostasis Project. All rights reserved. Reproduction or adaptation requires separate permission, subject to applicable legal exceptions.",
    "version": "1.0",
    "updatedAt": "2026-11-13",
    "editorial": {
      "contentType": "evidence-review",
      "reviewState": "draft",
      "reviewedAt": null,
      "reviewedVersion": null,
      "updatedAt": "2026-11-13",
      "version": "1.0",
      "byline": "team",
      "author": null,
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      "workflow": {
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          "system": "OpenAI Codex",
          "scope": "Source-based synthesis, drafting and translation. Consulted materials and access limits are described in the reading notes.",
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            "Literature comparison and evidence extraction",
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    "original": {
      "id": "trommelen-2023",
      "title": "The anabolic response to protein ingestion during recovery from exercise has no upper limit in magnitude and duration in vivo in humans",
      "authors": "Jorn Trommelen et al.",
      "journal": "Cell Reports Medicine",
      "year": "2023",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101324",
      "doi": "10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101324",
      "pmid": "38118410"
    },
    "references": [
      {
        "id": "trommelen-2023",
        "title": "The anabolic response to protein ingestion during recovery from exercise has no upper limit in magnitude and duration in vivo in humans",
        "authors": "Jorn Trommelen et al.",
        "journal": "Cell Reports Medicine",
        "year": "2023",
        "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101324",
        "doi": "10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101324",
        "pmid": "38118410"
      }
    ],
    "sections": [
      {
        "id": "finding",
        "title": "What the study found",
        "paragraphs": [
          "After one resistance-exercise bout, 100 g of milk protein produced a larger and more prolonged protein-synthesis response than 25 g over the 12-hour observation. This challenges a fixed 20–30 g utilization ceiling under those conditions."
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "limits",
        "title": "Scope & limitations",
        "paragraphs": [
          "36 healthy, recreationally active young men, randomized to 0, 25 or 100 g of milk protein; 12 per group.",
          "Only three doses, one exercise bout and a 12-hour window were tested. The title’s “no upper limit” should not be read as proof of unlimited benefit, an optimal meal size or long-term safety. There was no matched-total comparison of one 100 g dose versus four 25 g meals, and no months-long growth or strength outcome."
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "sample",
        "title": "Population & sample",
        "paragraphs": [
          "36 healthy, recreationally active young men, randomized to 0, 25 or 100 g of milk protein; 12 per group."
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "exposure",
        "title": "Exposure or intervention",
        "paragraphs": [
          "Double-blind parallel trial; intrinsically labelled milk protein and intravenous stable-isotope tracers after whole-body resistance exercise."
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "outcomes",
        "title": "Outcomes",
        "paragraphs": [
          "Amino-acid appearance and incorporation, muscle and whole-body protein synthesis, protein balance and oxidation."
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "duration",
        "title": "Time frame",
        "paragraphs": [
          "12 hours after a single exercise bout and test drink."
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "funding",
        "title": "Research funding",
        "paragraphs": [
          "No separate study funding statement was identified in the consulted main text. The declarations state that FrieslandCampina had no role in funding, data collection, analysis or manuscript preparation."
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "conflicts",
        "title": "Research conflicts of interest",
        "paragraphs": [
          "Glenn A.A. van Lieshout was a FrieslandCampina employee. The paper links the Maastricht University profiles of Trommelen and van Loon for their wider career funding; those histories were not fully audited here."
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "basis",
        "title": "Reading scope",
        "paragraphs": [
          "PMC main text: design, results and key figures, limitations, participant criteria and declarations. Supplementary participant-level data were not reanalysed."
        ],
        "links": [
          {
            "label": "Full text in PubMed Central",
            "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10772463/"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
}