TAP 负荷与恢复评估

用途与开发状态

这是一份 TAP 原创自报评估，面向 18 岁及以上成年人，回顾过去七天，描述本人报告的负荷、恢复机会、恢复体验与日常功能。它不测量全身复原力、生理储备或适应负荷。

开发版本：本工具的内容效度、可靠性、测量误差、对变化的敏感性与跨语言等效性尚未建立。来源框架启发了拟议模块，并不验证这些条目。结果不用于诊断、人群排名或临床决策。^[1][2][3][4]

题目与翻译在 AI 辅助下准备，尚未完成独立领域审阅、目标用户访谈和测量学检验。TAP 编号标识评估工具，不标识个人健康记录。

回答选项

0 天 · 1–2 天 · 3–4 天 · 5–7 天 · 不确定 / 暂不回答

可选背景：工作/学习、照护、训练/体力劳动、旅行/作息变化、身体不适、情绪要求较高的事件及其他要求。背景不影响任何评分。

这一周，生活提出的要求。

回想工作、家庭和其他活动中的要求。有负荷本身不代表复原力差。

d-time — 有多少天，要完成的事情需要的时间超过了你可用的时间？

d-attention — 有多少天，你的活动需要持续集中注意力？

d-physical — 有多少天，你的活动对你来说需要付出较大的体力？

d-unplanned — 有多少天，意外出现的要求打乱了你的安排？

这一周，留给恢复的空间。

这些问题描述机会与约束。有时间休息，不代表已经恢复。

o-sleep — 有多少天，你的安排为自己认为所需的睡眠留出了足够时间？

o-break — 有多少天，你能在觉得需要休息时停下来休息？

o-switch — 有多少天，你有一段不必随时回应持续事务或责任的时间？

o-choice — 有多少天，在必要的事务之外，你可以自行决定如何安排一部分时间？

这一周，你感受到的恢复。

按照自己的实际感受回答。没有标准答案，这些回答也不是生理测量。

r-waking — 有多少天，在一天主要的睡眠结束后，你感到精神恢复了？

r-return — 有多少天，在一段休息之后，你感到精力有所恢复？

r-lingering — 有多少天，在停止一项要求较高的活动后，疲惫感仍然持续？

r-start — 有多少天，在开始日常活动时，你已经感到疲惫？

这一周，日常活动完成得怎样。

以自己平常的水平为比较，包括长期健康状况下的惯常水平。回想与你日常生活相关的活动。

f-routine — 有多少天，你能用和平常相近的努力，完成日常必要活动？

f-attention — 有多少天，专注于日常任务对你来说比平时更困难？

f-cutback — 有多少天，你因为疲惫而减少了原本打算完成的活动？

f-effort — 有多少天，一项熟悉的体力活动让你觉得比平时更费力？

如何生成画像

每个条目选择 0 天、1–2 天、3–4 天或 5–7 天；「不确定 / 暂不回答」是独立选项。生成报告前，每个条目须选择其中一个回答。暂不回答的条目明确保留为未报告。

报告按原模块逐条重述所选频率，不对题目求平均、相加、反向计分、赋予权重或估算总分。回答覆盖数仅描述完成情况，不是健康分数。不使用阈值或常模区间。

负荷与恢复机会分别作为背景描述。高负荷不扣除复原力分数；有时间休息不代表功能已恢复。回答类别不是生物标志物，也不是身体能力的百分比。^[1][2][3]

日常功能以个人平常水平为比较，包括长期状况下的惯常功能。不寻常的一周、回忆误差与当前症状可能影响回答。本工具不能识别体验的原因，也不能预测下一次挑战后的表现。

可选的每日记录

可选日记从用户决定开始的日期起，连续十四个日历日，每天最多一条记录。记录当天的要求、填写时感受到的恢复、与平常相比的日常功能，以及可选事件背景。各回答是独立的有序类别，允许缺失。

同一天再次记录会替换该日之前的条目。不接受未来日期或日记周期以外的日期。展示仅包含实际填写的数据，不插补缺失日期。连线只连接相邻日期的实际观察；类别之间的间距仅作展示，不是经过校准的生理间隔。

不计算基线、恢复速度、时间常数、恢复缺口或复原力指数。十四天是拟议产品形式，不是已验证的复原力测量最短周期。自报变化可能受到多种因素影响，不能建立因果关系。^[1][3]

今天生活提出的要求有多大？ — 很少 / 有一些 / 较多 / 很多; 亦可选择「未报告」。

此刻你觉得自己恢复得怎样？ — 完全没恢复 / 恢复了一点 / 大部分恢复 / 充分恢复; 亦可选择「未报告」。

今天完成日常活动的情况，与平常相比怎样？ — 明显低于平常 / 略低于平常 / 和平常相近 / 高于平常; 亦可选择「未报告」。

你的答案与隐私

答案在浏览器内处理。此工具没有答案提交接口、账户或邮箱字段。浏览网站仍会产生常规托管请求与服务器访问日志，但问卷答案不进入网址，也不会随这些请求发送。

初次评估仅保留在当前页面内存中。选择「保存在此设备」或启动每日记录，才会启用此工具的浏览器本地存储。保存为可选操作，不是账户或云端备份；使用同一浏览器的其他人可能打开已存数据，清理浏览器数据也可能将其移除。

恢复、文本/JSON 下载、打印与删除都由用户主动触发。删除会清除此工具的浏览器记录与当前内存答案，不会删除用户已下载或打印的报告。本版本不招募研究参与者，也不收集研究数据。

图表生成说明

{ "id": "TAP-ASM-0001", "version": "0.1", "minimumAge": 18, "recallDays": 7, "interpretation": "item responses only; no composite score; skipped is missing", "items": [ { "id": "d-time", "module": "demands", "text": { "en": "On how many days did tasks require more time than you had available?", "zh": "有多少天，要完成的事情需要的时间超过了你可用的时间？" }, "label": { "en": "More tasks than available time", "zh": "任务所需时间超过可用时间" }, "rationale": { "en": "Time-demand context; not a measure of capacity.", "zh": "描述时间要求，不测量能力。" } }, { "id": "d-attention", "module": "demands", "text": { "en": "On how many days did your activities require sustained concentration?", "zh": "有多少天，你的活动需要持续集中注意力？" }, "label": { "en": "Sustained attention demands", "zh": "持续集中注意力的要求" }, "rationale": { "en": "Cognitive demand, separate from difficulty concentrating.", "zh": "认知要求，与注意力困难分开。" } }, { "id": "d-physical", "module": "demands", "text": { "en": "On how many days did your activities require substantial physical effort for you?", "zh": "有多少天，你的活动对你来说需要付出较大的体力？" }, "label": { "en": "Substantial physical effort", "zh": "较大的体力要求" }, "rationale": { "en": "Individual-relative physical demand; exercise is not penalized.", "zh": "相对于个人的体力要求，不对运动扣分。" } }, { "id": "d-unplanned", "module": "demands", "text": { "en": "On how many days did unexpected demands disrupt your plans?", "zh": "有多少天，意外出现的要求打乱了你的安排？" }, "label": { "en": "Unexpected demands", "zh": "意外出现的要求" }, "rationale": { "en": "Unpredictability of demands, without a causal claim.", "zh": "要求的不可预期性，不作因果推断。" } }, { "id": "o-sleep", "module": "opportunities", "text": { "en": "On how many days did your schedule leave enough time for the amount of sleep you felt you needed?", "zh": "有多少天，你的安排为自己认为所需的睡眠留出了足够时间？" }, "label": { "en": "Enough time available for sleep", "zh": "为睡眠留出足够时间" }, "rationale": { "en": "Sleep opportunity, not sleep quality or a sleep disorder screen.", "zh": "睡眠机会，不是睡眠质量或睡眠障碍筛查。" } }, { "id": "o-break", "module": "opportunities", "text": { "en": "On how many days could you take a break when you felt you needed one?", "zh": "有多少天，你能在觉得需要休息时停下来休息？" }, "label": { "en": "A break when needed", "zh": "需要时能停下来休息" }, "rationale": { "en": "Access to breaks rather than successful recovery.", "zh": "获得休息的机会，不代表恢复成功。" } }, { "id": "o-switch", "module": "opportunities", "text": { "en": "On how many days did you have a period when you did not need to respond to ongoing responsibilities?", "zh": "有多少天，你有一段不必随时回应持续事务或责任的时间？" }, "label": { "en": "Time away from ongoing responsibilities", "zh": "暂时不必回应持续事务的时间" }, "rationale": { "en": "Responsibility-free time; not a validated detachment item.", "zh": "暂离责任的时间，不是经过验证的心理脱离条目。" } }, { "id": "o-choice", "module": "opportunities", "text": { "en": "On how many days could you choose how to spend some of your time outside necessary responsibilities?", "zh": "有多少天，在必要的事务之外，你可以自行决定如何安排一部分时间？" }, "label": { "en": "Choice over personal time", "zh": "自主安排个人时间" }, "rationale": { "en": "Control over time as context, not a resilience score.", "zh": "时间自主性作为背景，不是复原力评分。" } }, { "id": "r-waking", "module": "recovery", "text": { "en": "On how many days did you feel refreshed after your main sleep period?", "zh": "有多少天，在一天主要的睡眠结束后，你感到精神恢复了？" }, "label": { "en": "Feeling refreshed after sleep", "zh": "主要睡眠后感到精神恢复" }, "rationale": { "en": "Subjective restoration; not objective sleep measurement.", "zh": "主观恢复体验，不是客观睡眠测量。" } }, { "id": "r-return", "module": "recovery", "text": { "en": "On how many days did you feel your energy return after a period of rest?", "zh": "有多少天，在一段休息之后，你感到精力有所恢复？" }, "label": { "en": "Energy returning after rest", "zh": "休息后感到精力恢复" }, "rationale": { "en": "Perceived change after rest, without estimating recovery speed.", "zh": "休息后的感知变化，不估算恢复速度。" } }, { "id": "r-lingering", "module": "recovery", "text": { "en": "On how many days did tiredness remain after you had stopped a demanding activity?", "zh": "有多少天，在停止一项要求较高的活动后，疲惫感仍然持续？" }, "label": { "en": "Tiredness continuing after an activity", "zh": "活动结束后仍感到疲惫" }, "rationale": { "en": "Lingering tiredness; does not identify its cause or allostatic load.", "zh": "持续疲惫感，不识别原因或适应负荷。" } }, { "id": "r-start", "module": "recovery", "text": { "en": "On how many days did you begin your usual activities already feeling tired?", "zh": "有多少天，在开始日常活动时，你已经感到疲惫？" }, "label": { "en": "Starting activities already tired", "zh": "开始日常活动时已经疲惫" }, "rationale": { "en": "Perceived starting state, not a measure of physiological reserve.", "zh": "感知到的起始状态，不测量生理储备。" } }, { "id": "f-routine", "module": "function", "text": { "en": "On how many days did you complete your usual necessary activities with your usual level of effort?", "zh": "有多少天，你能用和平常相近的努力，完成日常必要活动？" }, "label": { "en": "Usual activities at usual effort", "zh": "以惯常努力完成日常活动" }, "rationale": { "en": "Self-reported usual function; no standardized performance test.", "zh": "自报惯常功能，不是标准化表现测试。" } }, { "id": "f-attention", "module": "function", "text": { "en": "On how many days was concentrating on your usual tasks harder than it normally is for you?", "zh": "有多少天，专注于日常任务对你来说比平时更困难？" }, "label": { "en": "Concentration harder than usual", "zh": "专注于任务比平时更困难" }, "rationale": { "en": "Functional difficulty relative to own usual state, not diagnosis.", "zh": "与自身惯常状态比较的功能困难，不作诊断。" } }, { "id": "f-cutback", "module": "function", "text": { "en": "On how many days did tiredness lead you to reduce an activity you had intended to do?", "zh": "有多少天，你因为疲惫而减少了原本打算完成的活动？" }, "label": { "en": "Reducing activities because of tiredness", "zh": "因疲惫减少原定活动" }, "rationale": { "en": "Reported interference in activity; no inference about underlying disease.", "zh": "自报活动受到影响，不推断基础疾病。" } }, { "id": "f-effort", "module": "function", "text": { "en": "On how many days did a familiar physical activity feel harder than it usually does for you?", "zh": "有多少天，一项熟悉的体力活动让你觉得比平时更费力？" }, "label": { "en": "Familiar physical activity felt harder", "zh": "熟悉的体力活动比平时更费力" }, "rationale": { "en": "Subjective exertion relative to usual; not a reserve test.", "zh": "与惯常水平比较的主观费力程度，不是储备测试。" } } ], "options": [ { "value": "0", "en": "0 days", "zh": "0 天" }, { "value": "1", "en": "1–2 days", "zh": "1–2 天" }, { "value": "2", "en": "3–4 days", "zh": "3–4 天" }, { "value": "3", "en": "5–7 days", "zh": "5–7 天" }, { "value": "skip", "en": "Not sure / prefer not to answer", "zh": "不确定 / 暂不回答" } ], "diaryFields": [ { "id": "demand", "title": { "en": "How demanding was today?", "zh": "今天生活提出的要求有多大？" }, "options": [ { "en": "Very little", "zh": "很少" }, { "en": "Some", "zh": "有一些" }, { "en": "Quite a lot", "zh": "较多" }, { "en": "A great deal", "zh": "很多" } ] }, { "id": "recovery", "title": { "en": "How recovered do you feel right now?", "zh": "此刻你觉得自己恢复得怎样？" }, "options": [ { "en": "Not at all", "zh": "完全没恢复" }, { "en": "A little", "zh": "恢复了一点" }, { "en": "Mostly", "zh": "大部分恢复" }, { "en": "Fully", "zh": "充分恢复" } ] }, { "id": "function", "title": { "en": "How did everyday activities compare with your usual level?", "zh": "今天完成日常活动的情况，与平常相比怎样？" }, "options": [ { "en": "Much below usual", "zh": "明显低于平常" }, { "en": "Somewhat below usual", "zh": "略低于平常" }, { "en": "About usual", "zh": "和平常相近" }, { "en": "Above usual", "zh": "高于平常" } ] } ] }

参考文献

1. LaVerne Brown, Barbara Cohen, Rebecca Costello, Olga Brazhnik, Zorina Galis (2023). Conceptualizing a resilience research framework at The National Institutes of Health. Stress and Health. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.3260
2. Sabine Sonnentag, Charlotte Fritz (2007). The Recovery Experience Questionnaire: development and validation of a measure for assessing recuperation and unwinding from work. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.12.3.204
3. Michael Kellmann, Maurizio Bertollo, Laurent Bosquet, Michel Brink, Aaron J. Coutts, Rob Duffield, Daniel Erlacher, Shona L. Halson, Anne Hecksteden, Jahan Heidari, K. Wolfgang Kallus, Romain Meeusen, Iñigo Mujika, Claudio Robazza, Sabrina Skorski, Ranel Venter, Jürgen Beckmann (2018). Recovery and Performance in Sport: Consensus Statement. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2017-0759
4. COSMIN (n.d.). COSMIN — Improving the selection of outcome measurement instruments. COSMIN. https://www.cosmin.nl/

出版记录

TAP-ASM-0001 · v0.1 · 中文

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