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Low energy availability increases immune cell formation of reactive oxygen species and impairs exercise performance in female endurance athletes

Jan S. Jeppesen · Hannah G. Caldwell · Lone O. Lossius · Anna K. Melin · Lasse Gliemann · Jens Bangsbo · Ylva Hellsten
Redox Biology · 2024

View the original source DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103250 ↗PubMed: 38936255 ↗

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What the research tells us

Low availability impaired performance; the time-trial impairment persisted after three refueling days.

Scope & interpretation

Small athlete sample; energy and nutrient availability changed together. Immune-cell measures do not establish clinical illness.

Study at a glance

POPULATION & SAMPLE
12 female endurance athletes; randomized crossover.
EXPOSURE / INTERVENTION / SUBJECT
Low versus optimal energy availability, followed by refueling.
OUTCOMES
Cycling performance and immune-cell/physiological measures.
TIME FRAME
Fourteen days per dietary condition, then three refueling days.

Cited on this site

Features

Can Underfueling Affect Recovery?

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    Not yet scientifically reviewed

Editorial note

Under the editorial responsibility of the TAP Editorial Team, this publication used AI assistance for content organization and editing. Scientific review is recorded separately on this page.

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Scope of this reading note

PMC full text: protocol, performance results, funding and declarations.

Study funding
Danish Ministry of Culture sports-research funding; Frimodt-Heineke Fonden; Novo Nordisk Foundation support for Team Denmark’s training-strategies and competition-preparation network.
Competing interests
Authors declared no known competing financial interests or personal relationships affecting the work.

Project support

Founded and supported by Resilio.

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Project informationPrivacy PolicyProject informationContactAssessmentTAP Load & Recovery ProfileMethodsLoad & Recovery Profile: Methods & DevelopmentExploreQuestions about Human AdaptationExploreMeasurement & InterpretationReading guide · Essential 35Load & Recovery: Six Research DirectionsReading guide · Essential 5Allostatic LoadReading guide · Essential 5Recovery ScienceReading guide · Essential 5Reserve & ResilienceReading guide · Essential 5MeasurementFoundationsLoadFoundationsAllostasisFoundationsRecoveryFoundationsAllostatic LoadFoundationsPhysiological ReserveFoundationsResilienceFeaturesAllostatic Load: The Hidden Cost of AdaptationFeaturesRecovery Is Not RestFeaturesWhat Is Resilience Nutrition?FeaturesModels of Adaptation: What Different Frameworks ExplainFeaturesTAP Human Adaptation FrameworkFeaturesAre Recovery and Resilience the Same Thing?FeaturesCan Underfueling Affect Recovery?FeaturesCan Weekend Catch-Up Sleep Make Up for a Week of Short Sleep?FeaturesDoes Recovery Always Mean Returning to the Same Baseline?FeaturesHow Are Physiological Reserve and Resilience Related?FeaturesWhat Can HRV Tell Us About Recovery?FeaturesWhat Counts as Evidence That Nutrition Supports Recovery?FeaturesWhat Does Your Wearable’s Recovery Score Actually Tell You?FeaturesWhen HRV Drops: Normal Variation or a Change in Recovery?FeaturesWhy Can Stress Responses Continue After Work Ends?FeaturesWhy Feeling Better Doesn’t Always Mean Fully RecoveredMethods & projectEvidence grading & methodsMethods & projectEditorial & scientific standardsMethods & projectAbout the projectResearch · 1993Stress and the individual. 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Recommendations for Experiment Planning, Data Analysis, and Data ReportingTAP Record · TAP-RDN-0059TAP reading note: The impact of reduced worktime on sleep and perceived stress - a group randomized intervention study using diary dataTAP Record · TAP-RDN-0009TAP reading note: A Meta-Analysis on Antecedents and Outcomes of Detachment from WorkTAP Record · TAP-RDN-0036TAP reading note: Multi-parameter comparison of a standardized mixed meal tolerance test in healthy and type 2 diabetic subjects: the PhenFlex challengeTAP Record · TAP-RDN-0010TAP reading note: Recovery and Performance in Sport: Consensus StatementTAP Record · TAP-RDN-0064TAP reading note: Quantifying resilience of humans and other animalsTAP Record · TAP-RDN-0025TAP reading note: Ad libitum Weekend Recovery Sleep Fails to Prevent Metabolic Dysregulation during a Repeating Pattern of Insufficient Sleep and Weekend Recovery SleepTAP Record · TAP-RDN-0027TAP reading note: Resilience in Clinical Care: Getting a Grip on the Recovery Potential of Older AdultsTAP Record · TAP-RDN-0039TAP reading note: Protein supplementation improves lean body mass in physically active older adults: a randomized placebo-controlled trialTAP Record · TAP-RDN-0066TAP reading note: Effect of Multimodal Prehabilitation vs Postoperative Rehabilitation on 30-Day Postoperative Complications for Frail Patients Undergoing Resection of Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized Clinical TrialTAP Record · TAP-RDN-0028TAP reading note: Whitepaper: Defining and investigating cognitive reserve, brain reserve, and brain maintenanceTAP Record · TAP-RDN-0052TAP reading note: Longitudinal analysis of blood markers reveals progressive loss of resilience and predicts human lifespan limitTAP Record · TAP-RDN-0022TAP reading note: Leaving Work at Work: A Meta-Analysis on Employee Recovery From WorkTAP Record · TAP-RDN-0023TAP reading note: "Give me a break!" 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